Thursday, August 1, 2019

How to Improve Your Memory



1.     Convince yourself that you have a good memory that will improve. Too many people get stuck here and convince themselves that their memory is bad, that they are just not good with names, that numbers just slip out of their minds for some reason. Erase those thoughts and vow to improve your memory. Commit yourself to the task and bask in your achievements -- it's hard to keep motivated if you beat yourself down every time you make a little bit of progress.
2.     Keep your brain active. The brain is not a muscle, but regularly “exercising" the brain actually does keep it growing and spurs the development of new nerve connections that can help improve memory. By developing new mental skills—especially complex ones such as learning a new language or learning to play a new musical instrument—and challenging your brain with puzzles and games you can keep your brain active and improve its physiological functioning.
3.     Exercise daily. Regular aerobic exercise improves circulation and efficiency throughout the body, including in the brain, and can help ward off the memory loss that comes with aging. Exercise also makes you more alert and relaxed, and can thereby improve your memory uptake, allowing you to take better mental “pictures."
4.     Reduce stress. Chronic stress, although it does not physically damage the brain, can make remembering much more difficult. Even temporary stresses can make it more difficult to effectively focus on concepts and observe things. Try to relax, regularly practice yoga or other stretching exercises, and see a doctor if you have severe chronic stress.
5.     Eat well and eat right. There are a lot of herbal supplements on the market that claim to improve memory, but none have yet been shown to be effective in clinical tests (although small studies have shown some promising results for ginkgo biloba and phosphatidylserine). A healthy diet, however, contributes to a healthy brain, and foods containing antioxidants—broccoli, blueberries, spinach, and berries, for example—and Omega-3 fatty acids appear to promote healthy brain functioning. Feed your brain with such supplements as Thiamine, Vitamin E, Niacin and Vitamin B-6. Grazing, eating 5 or 6 small meals throughout the day instead of 3 large meals, also seems to improve mental functioning (including memory) by limiting dips in blood sugar, which may negatively affect the brain.
6.     Take better pictures. Often we forget things not because our memory is bad, but rather because our observational skills need work. One common situation where this occurs (and which almost everyone can relate to) is meeting new people. Often we don’t really learn people’s names at first because we aren’t really concentrating on remembering them. You’ll find that if you make a conscious effort to remember such things, you’ll do much better. One way to train yourself to be more observant is to look at an unfamiliar photograph for a few seconds and then turn the photograph over and describe or write down as many details as you can about the photograph. Try closing your eyes and picturing the photo in your mind. Use a new photograph each time you try this exercise, and with regular practice you will find you’re able to remember more details with even shorter glimpses of the photos.
7.     Give yourself time to form a memory. Memories are very fragile in the short-term, and distractions can make you quickly forget something as simple as a phone number. The key to avoid losing memories before you can even form them is to be able to focus on the thing to be remembered for a while without thinking about other things, so when you’re trying to remember something, avoid distractions and complicated tasks for a few minutes.
8.     Create vivid, memorable images. You remember information more easily if you can visualize it. If you want to associate a child with a book, try not to visualize the child reading the book – that's too simple and forgettable. Instead, come up with something more jarring, something that sticks, like the book chasing the child, or the child eating the book. It's your mind – make the images as shocking and emotional as possible to keep the associations strong.
9.     Repeat things you need to learn. The more times you hear, see, or think about something, the more surely you’ll remember it, right? It’s a no-brainer. When you want to remember something, be it your new coworker’s name or your best friend's birthday, repeat it, either out loud or silently. Try writing it down; think about it.
10.  Group things you need to remember. Random lists of things (a shopping list, for example) can be especially difficult to remember. To make it easier, try categorizing the individual things from the list. If you can remember that, among other things, you wanted to buy four different kinds of vegetables, you’ll find it easier to remember all four.
11.  Organize your life. Keep items that you frequently need, such as keys and eyeglasses, in the same place every time. Use an electronic organizer or daily planner to keep track of appointments, due dates for bills, and other tasks. Keep phone numbers and addresses in an address book or enter them into your computer or cell phone. Improved organization can help free up your powers of concentration so that you can remember less routine things. Even if being organized doesn’t improve your memory, you’ll receive a lot of the same benefits (i.e. you won’t have to search for your keys anymore).
12.  Try meditation. Research now suggests that people who regularly practice "mindfulness" meditation are able to focus better and may have better memories. Mindfulness (also known as awareness or insight meditation) is the type commonly practiced in Western countries and is easy to learn. Studies at Massachusetts General Hospital show that regular meditation thickens the cerebral cortex in the brain by increasing the blood flow to that region. Some researchers believe this can enhance attention span, focus, and memory.
13.  Sleep well. The amount of sleep we get affects the brain's ability to recall recently learned information. Getting a good night's sleep – a minimum of seven hours a night – may improve your short-term memory and long-term relational memory, according to recent studies conducted at the Harvard Medical School.
14.  Build your memorization arsenal. Learn pegs, memory palaces, and the Dominic System. These techniques form the foundation for mnemonic techniques, and will visibly improve your memory.
15.  Venture out and learn from your mistakes. Go ahead and take a stab at memorizing the first one hundred digits of pi, or, if you've done that already, the first one thousand. Memorize the monarchs of England through your memory palaces, or your grocery list through visualization. Through diligent effort you will eventually master the art of memorization.
Source: My articles
Credit to: wikihow.com

How to be a good speaker


1. Be active in letting people know you are available to speak.  Once you have a date, encourage the group to publicize your program and tell people yourself.  Inform local newspapers, radio and TV stations and include information about who you are and when and what group you traveled with.

2. Become familiar with your own
denomination's stand on these issues and bring a copy (or copies) of any resolutions passed recently.  You might want to become familiar with Churches for Middle East Peace (CMEP) materials since your denomination probably participates in the organization.

3. Don't make the program a tourist trip with slides showing monuments and sites.  If you use slides, illustrate the issues and people.

4. Bring some handouts such as maps, time lines, recent Emails or website printouts.  Put up a display.  Bring a large map to post as well.

5. Use you own experience as the basis for your talk.  Tell lots of stories and then relate them to points you want to make.

6. Focus on children, women, family etc., all of which helps humanize the Palestinians.  If you talk about terror, personalize the many Palestinian civilians killed by Israeli guns and bombs.  Give credibility to Palestinian leaders and other prominent Palestinians.  Elections haven't been held recently because of the occupation.

7.  Avoid generalizing and putting words into people's mouths such as "Palestinians say..."  "Israelis say..." Tell about what a specific person said to you.  There are many different opinions among both Israelis and Palestinians. Don't allow members of your audience to dehumanize either side.

8. Use the correct vocabulary.  Arabs are not all Muslims.  Occupied territories are not disputer territories; illegal settlements imply that some settlements are legal.  None are legal, etc.  Settlements are not the same as kibbutzim.

9. Allow plenty of time for questions.  This is the most fruitful time of all.

10. If you don't know the answer to a question, tell the person you will find out and follow up on that promise.

11. If you receive an honorarium and don't need the money, donate it to a peace movement or other appropriate cause.  Let the group who gave you the honorarium know how you used it.  You might interest them in giving more to that cause.

Source: My articles 

Cracks in buildings

Cracks in buildings

What are cracks?
Crack: a line on the surface of something along which it has split without breaking into separate parts. Crack is also a narrow space between two surfaces, especially ones that have broken or been moved apart.

                                   
Type of cracks
 There are two types of cracks: 
Ø Structural crack: It arises due to incorrect designs, overloading and poor workmanship.

Ø Non-structural crack: It arises due to internal forces developed in materials by moisture variations, temperature variation, effects of gases and liquids.

 Cracks width
ü  Less than 15mm  (has no effect on structural integrity)
ü  From 15-25mm    (severe)
ü  Over 25mm          (very severe = start to become remotely dangerous) 
Common curing methods
        i.            Mortar/polymer injection
      ii.            Stitching
    iii.            Addition reinforcement



Conclusion
For the finally, cracks are always the common issues in building construction. In order to build a long-decade-building, structural engineer and constructor must be taken care of and conform by code of construction.
Source: Presentations of cracks